Conditional Sentences in English Language || English Grammar

 

1st conditional: (used for real or possible situations in the future)

Structure:   If + present simple, will + base verb

Example 1: If I study, I will pass the exam.

Example 2: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

Example 3: If it rains, I will stay at home.

Example 4: If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

Example 5: If I see her, I will say hello.

Example 6: If they don’t hurry, they will miss the train.

2nd Conditional: (used for unreal/hypothetical present)

Structure: If + past simple....would + base verb

Example 1:  If I were you, I would stay calm.         

Example 2: If I won a million dollars, I would travel the world.

Example 3: If I won the lottery, I would travel.

Example 4:If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.

Example 5:If I were you, I would take the job.

Example 6:If they knew the truth, they would be shocked.

3rd Conditional: (used for Past cause – present result)

Structure: If + past perfect......would +  be/have + past participle

Example 1: If I had studied, I would be successful now. 

Example 2: If they had prepared better, they would have won the match.

Example 3: If I had studied, I would have passed.

Example 4: If she had seen the sign, she wouldn’t have parked there.

Example 5: If we had left earlier, we would have caught the train.

Example 6: If he hadn’t forgotten his wallet, he would have paid the bill.

Inverted conditionals:

Had I known (instead of “If I had known”), I would have acted differently.